DC/DC Modular Multilevel Converters for HVDC Interconnection: A Comprehensive Review

High voltage direct current (HVDC) technology is a key component in power systems owing to huge benefits such as long-distance transmission, lower losses, asynchronous grid interconnections, controllability, system availability, and limited short-circuit currents. HVDC transmission cost-effective method of transporting amounts across long distances with little loss. It can also link alternative (AC) networks while balancing the grid. DC/DC converters are one most important components for modular multilevel (MMCs) backbone interconnections. The MMC highly regarded converter architecture medium/high-voltage DC interconnection. topologies play role modern varying levels. This paper’s fundamental aim offer recent comprehensive review topologies, (MMC) interconnection, control techniques.